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Investment
This study did not receive any particular offer away from one capital firms regarding social, commercial, or otherwise not- for- profit sectors.
Publisher’s Note
The clay minerals content can be obtained from various logs with certain advantages and inherent limitations, but the most commonly used technique and probably one of the most accurate methods is based on the using natural gamma ray log and the spectral components of it (i.e., K, and Th) [4, 5, 18]. The natural gamma ray log and its spectral logging data, comprising potassium (wt%), thorium (ppm), and uranium (ppm) respond to the natural radioactivity in the formation originates mainly from 40 K (0.01167% of total naturally occurring potassium), 232 Th (100% of natural thorium) and 235 U (% of the total uranium) isotopes and their daughter products in the both cased and open boreholes . The clay minerals are often the primarily radiation sources in the formations . This means that the natural gamma ray and its spectral data are often capable of distinguishing between the clay-free (low reading) and the clay-rich sandstones (high reading) on general . The response of the natural gamma ray log and its spectral components can be expressed as a linear function of the clay content (i.e., IA in Eq. 1) with assumption of the constant radioactivity, no additional radioactive elements, good borehole conditions, and no variation in the density .
In establish data, the newest quantitative mineralogy out-of 76 key samples extracted from the fresh Shurijeh Development is employed to assess the precision of numerous present amendment methods towards absolute gamma ray and its spectral areas study. The precision of your steps are checked on the basis of minimal mediocre percent cousin error each and every petrophysical means for quote the amount off clay, using the comparison of one’s record-derived beliefs into the correct lab-mentioned volume % regarding clay nutrition. Specific effort have also been built to calibrate the signing viewpoints into laboratory-derived clay belongings in 76 core trials from the running a non-linear regression calibration relationship amongst the core-measured clay articles in addition to absolute gamma beam index. Ultimately, the fresh new depositional ecosystem as well as other clay brand of the new Shurijeh Creation was indeed acknowledged, using the spectral gamma ray logging rates together with related cross-plots, correspondingly.
Tips
The linear natural gamma ray and the potassium and thorium indexes (IGR, IPOTA, and ITHOR) were continuously calculated at each depth level from the corrected logging data, using the Eq. (1).
The comparative glance at the Shrijeh Development lbs percent clay off the new center studies and other variations proposed by Larinov , Clavier , Steiber , Dewan , Bhuyan and Passey together with empirical calibration relationship (dashed curvilinear contours). Black colored circle Gas creating well research factors, and you may black upwards-pointing triangle the brand new non-promoting really research items
The average clay material attained by the brand new in your community calibrated gamma beam directory were 9. These amounts had been dramatically reduced than the beliefs extracted from the newest previous changes and you can was in fact much more accordance for the laboratory counted investigation. These results experienced good effect on brand new estimation regarding hydrocarbon in place and you may supplies of your own Shurijeh. Full, both genuine and you can rates off weight percent clay from the various other modifications, put the Shurijeh Creation about shaly sandstone class.
References
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