Shape 8. reveals the outcome on basic and you will 2nd formant from the avoid of vowel before /?/ as well as in the high quality Shine and you will the fresh new versions.
As far as new volume from F1 of the before vowel can be involved, the outcomes suggest a lesser F1 in the the fresh version off compared to the Fundamental Shine associated sound (NV 594 Hz against. SP 665 Hz, t=?2.730, p : t=?2.204, p
The results along with revealed that new F3 volume of your own adopting the vowel are rather large about the new variants when compared to the quality Gloss versions. SP dos,831 Hz, t=dos.763, p : NV 2,939 Hz versus. SP dos,810 Hz, t=2.567, p . 325, p is rather additional regarding Important Polish and you can new alternatives; F1 frequency assortment try reduced in new version (/?/: NV ?87 Hz vs. SP ?33 Hz, t=?2.086, p : NV ?121 Hz against. ?67 Hz, t=?2.086, p=.055 (within number of mathematical desire)). Zero significant difference between them variations try discover into the F2 and you can F3 volume range of the fresh preceding vowel. Similarly, new F1, F2 and you can F3 frequency range of your adopting the vowel weren’t significantly other within the Fundamental Shine and also the new version.
Zero significant distinctions was found in the time of frication away from both fricative therefore the affricate: if you’re Important Polish /?/ have the average lifetime of 0.098 s, an average worth of brand new variation was 0.101 s. New fricative an element of the affricate is 0.061 s for the Important Gloss and you may 0.058 s on the variation.
In every the fresh analyses demonstrated over the dictate away from Message Design and you can Be concerned is actually significant simply in certain models. The outcomes regarding message concept is actually consistent to some degree that have the analysis out-of Maniwa et al. (2009), which showed that English fricatives display other acoustic functions in an effective conversational against. a definite style. REPETITION are more often extreme, albeit exclusively, in the formants and you may years, and much more appear to inside the affricates than in fricatives; see the result of the new analytical analyses into the Appendix C.
3.step one. Linear https://kissbrides.com/brazilian-women/juazeiro-do-norte/ discriminant investigation
The analysis shown above factors to extreme variations in numerous variables between your the fresh new and you may Important Shine sibilant. The objective of the next linear discriminant data (LDA) it to demonstrate and that of one’s investigated parameters are definitely the extremely useful in discerning the variant regarding the Fundamental Gloss variation and you can exactly what percentage of the information should be correctly classified of the with this statistical strategy. We utilized the LDA which have jacknifed (i.e., get-off you to out) predictions. New LDA was previously effectively used in the fresh discrimination from English fricatives (Jongman et al. 2000; McMurray and you may Jongman 2011). According to the analysis showed significantly more than, we shall remain fricatives and you may affricates inside the separate groups.
In the case of the fresh new influence out of REPETITION was somewhat various other about Important Polish and the latest variant (t = ?dos
All acoustic variables shown in (4) have been included given that predictors on LDA regardless of the fact that many weren’t tall on the linear regression activities. New LDA outputs just one form that best discriminates each other variants off fricatives (Standard Shine versus. the fresh version). As the spectral level and you will COG strongly synchronised collectively (0.79), the former has also been excluded throughout the model. In total, 19 predictors installing the new LDA, 9 at which didn’t somewhat subscribe to brand new discrimination out-of the standard Shine versus the fresh variant. And this, the remaining variables (10) had been fitted to the final model. The fresh design is actually extremely significant (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.5251, ?2 = , df = ten, p versus their relevant the brand new variations.
